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Jul 13, 2024 | 
onlinelibrary.wiley.com | Jonathan Elliott |Mark A. Oyama
1 INTRODUCTION Sodium glucose transporter type 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are a new class of drug introduced in human medicine to aid control of blood glucose in diabetic patients with the first drug being approved by FDA in 2013. It soon became clear from the clinical trials that these drugs did far more than assist in blood glucose control.
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May 14, 2024 | 
onlinelibrary.wiley.com | Jonathan Elliott |Laura FONSECA |Leyla Dereci |Patricio Ochoa
INTRODUCTION Marijuana is one of the most common psychoactive substances used around the world. According to the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, marijuana is the most commonly used illicit substance globally.1 It is being increasingly legalized for medical and recreational purposes in the United States (US).
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Nov 3, 2023 | 
photonics.com | Samuel S. Streeter |Jonathan Elliott |Eric Henderson |Gabrielle S. Ray
A recent clinical study has shown that indocyanine green dye, which provides near-infrared fluorescence, can highlight clotting in the vasculature that is not visible with other techniques. Necrotizing soft-tissue infections (NSTIs) are aggressive and rapidly advancing infections with a mortality rate between 20% and 30%1,2.
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Oct 23, 2023 | 
beva.onlinelibrary.wiley.com | Marine A. Barnabé |Jonathan Elliott |Patricia Harris |Nicola Menzies-Gow
1 INTRODUCTION Equine endocrinopathic laminitis is a common, painful and potentially devastating condition that can affect horses, ponies and donkeys. Although multiple risk factors are recognised, insulin and adiponectin concentrations are currently the most important predictors of endocrinopathic laminitis risk.1, 2 These two hormones are commonly measured in equids, using either serum or plasma obtained via jugular venipuncture.
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Oct 6, 2023 | 
beva.onlinelibrary.wiley.com | Marine A. Barnabé |Jonathan Elliott |Patricia Harris |Nicola Menzies-Gow
1 INTRODUCTION Basal hyperinsulinaemia and hypoadiponectinaemia are independent risk factors for the development of endocrinopathic laminitis.1, 2 Previously laminitic ponies have lower adiponectin concentrations than their never-laminitic counterparts3 and the presence of hypoadiponectinaemia prior to the first development of laminitis suggests that low adiponectin concentrations are not simply a consequence of laminitis.1 Although adiponectin and insulin concentrations are currently...
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Oct 6, 2023 | 
beva.onlinelibrary.wiley.com | Marine A. Barnabé |Jonathan Elliott |Patricia Harris |Nicola Menzies-Gow
1 INTRODUCTION Insulin dysregulation (ID), the key feature of equine metabolic syndrome (EMS), may manifest as tissue insulin resistance (IR), basal hyperinsulinaemia, or an excessive insulin response to hydrolysable carbohydrates.1 Previous studies have shown that continuous infusion of insulin via a euglycaemic–hyperinsulinaemic clamp (EHC) reliably causes endocrinopathic laminitis in healthy equids.2, 3 Although various histological and physiological changes associated with the actions of...
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Sep 8, 2023 | 
equimanagement.com | Edward Knowles |Patricia Harris |Jonathan Elliott |Yu-Mei Chang
Serum insulin concentration at 60 min (InsulinT60) during an oral sugar test (OST) indicates future laminitis risk and insulin dysregulation (ID). Associations between InsulinT60 and physical and owner-reported variables may help clinicians select individual ponies for ID testing. Associations between InsulinT60 and other metabolic markers may help elucidate ID pathophysiology.
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Aug 22, 2023 | 
beva.onlinelibrary.wiley.com | Edward Knowles |Patricia Harris |Jonathan Elliott |Yu-Mei Chang
1 INTRODUCTION Equine insulin dysregulation (ID) manifests in three forms, namely hyperinsulinaemia, an excessive insulin response to oral sugar/starch and peripheral (tissue) insulin resistance.1 For clinical diagnosis of ID, dynamic tests such as the oral sugar test (OST) are considered to be more sensitive indicators of ID than basal hyperinsulinaemia.1 An association between ID and laminitis is well established.1 Previously we demonstrated that serum insulin concentrations measured in the...
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Mar 6, 2023 | 
beva.onlinelibrary.wiley.com | Jonathan Elliott |Simon R. Bailey
In the comprehensive review of laminitis molecular pathology (naturally occurring and experimental models) published in this issue,1 the frequent finding of hypoadiponectinaemia as a neglected, potentially modifiable predisposing factor in naturally occurring laminitis was highlighted. There is much evidence from other species that adiponectin deficiency (relative or absolute) is an important factor predisposing to some of the complications of type-2 diabetes.
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Feb 27, 2023 | 
beva.onlinelibrary.wiley.com | Jonathan Elliott |Simon R. Bailey
Role of leucocytes in laminitis Additional studies have focused on the presence of leucocytes within the lamellar tissue and related this to the onset of clinical and histopathological signs of laminitis. From the descriptions of the models presented in Table 2, it is clear that leucocyte infiltration is present at certain time points in both SRL and EL models.
