Tobias Kaufmann

1 month ago | nature.com | Tobias Kaufmann |Édith Breton

Anorexia nervosa (AN) typically emerges around adolescence and predominantly affects females. Recent progress has been made in identifying biological correlates of AN, but more research is needed to pinpoint the specific mechanisms that lead to its development and maintenance. There is a known phenotypic link between AN, growth and sexual maturation, yet the genetic overlap between these phenotypes remains enigmatic. One may hypothesize that shared factors between AN, energy metabolism and reproductive functions may have been under recent evolutionary selection. Here, we characterize the genetic overlap between AN, BMI and age at menarche, and aimed to reveal recent evolutionary factors that may help explain the origin of AN. We obtained publicly available GWAS summary statistics of AN, BMI and age at menarche and studied the polygenic overlap between them. Next, we used Neandertal Selective Sweep scores to explore recent evolutionary selection. We found 22 loci overlapping between AN and BMI, and 9 loci between AN and age at menarche, with 7 of these not previously associated with AN. We found that loci associated with AN may have been under particular evolutionary dynamic. Chronobiology appeared relevant to the studied genetic overlaps and prone to recent evolutionary selection, offering a promising avenue for future research. Taken together, our findings contribute to the understanding of the genetic underpinning of AN. Ultimately, better knowledge of the biological origins of AN may help to target specific biological processes and facilitate early intervention in individuals who are most at risk.

Nov 12, 2024 | mondaq.com | Sabrina Smyczek |Tobias Kaufmann

R. 30 (1) (c) RoP does not set out the consequence that all amendments proposed (auxiliary requests) should be dismissed en bloc as not meeting the criterion of being reasonable in number. Only some of the proposed auxiliary requests may be admitted. The Court can limit a patent by an amendment of the claims and revoke it in part according to Art. 65 (3) UPCA independent of an application to amend the patent (Rule 50 (2) RoP).

Oct 1, 2024 | nature.com | Shahram Bahrami |Kaja Nordengen |Olav B. Smeland |Nadine Staples Parker |Pravesh Parekh |Torbjørn Elvsåshagen | +4 more

AbstractThe basal ganglia are subcortical brain structures involved in motor control, cognition, and emotion regulation. We conducted univariate and multivariate genome-wide association analyses (GWAS) to explore the genetic architecture of basal ganglia volumes using brain scans obtained from 34,794 Europeans with replication in 4,808 white and generalization in 5,220 non-white Europeans.

May 29, 2024 | mondaq.com | Maggie Huang |Tobias Kaufmann

Plaintiff in infringement proceedings can request an order, directed against themselves, to produce an SEP license agreement with a third party. In accordance with the principle of production of evidence (Art. 43 UPCA), the plaintiff must decide for themselves which submissions they wish to make in the proceedings. he court may disregard procedural steps, facts, evidence or arguments if these were not undertaken or provided by the party within the time limit set by the court (R. 9.2 RoP).

May 1, 2024 | flipboard.com | Esten Leonardsen |Karin Persson |Nicola K. Dinsdale |James Roe |Didac Vidal-Piñeiro |Øystein Sørensen | +11 more

Science21 hours agoOptical illusion reveals key brain rule that governs consciousnessLive Science - By Emily Cooke • 21hA study of mice starts to unravel how the brain gets tricked by this kind of optical illusion, and it gives clues about how visual perception …fitness articles1 day agoWant A Healthier Heart, Gut, & Brain Over 40?