PeerJ

Jan 3, 2025 | peerj.com | Qiang Lin

Alveolar bone defects have always been a common problem in the oral cavity. Maxillofacial trauma and alveolar bone resorption cause bone defects, which make maxillofacial surgery and periodontal treatment difficult. Stem cell therapy has been suggested as a research focus in tissue engineering. However, stem cells are limited in their research and application, and so having a large number of stem cells is very important when prioritizing efficiency.

Jan 3, 2025 | peerj.com | QING LI

In this study, the breastfeeding social support scale exhibited an overall score of (48.95 ± 7.93), which suggests the breastfeeding social support in Chengde city is positioned at an upper-middle level. The level is nearly as the same as a previous study that used Social Support Rating Scale to measure it (Yanli, Nafei & Lan, 2022). Furthermore, it surpassed the level in a study conducted by the Huges Breastfeeding Support Scale  (Yumei, 2020).

Jan 2, 2025 | peerj.com | Jiahao Yang

Strawberries stand as one of the world’s foremost crops of significant economic importance, bearing ever-increasing relevance to human daily production and livelihoods (Kolle et al., 2019). In 2021, the global market valuation for fresh strawberries was estimated at approximately 247.9 billion US dollars, with projections foreseeing an ascent to about 433.3 billion US dollars by 2028 (SkyQuest, 2022).

Jan 2, 2025 | peerj.com | Juan Li

Early and accurate detection of the WSL is a crucial factor in preventing and treating dental caries. However, early lesions are often subtle and challenging to detect due to minimal progression. The current challenges include relatively rough grading and the energy and time required for continuous detection. Failure to detect and monitor enamel demineralization can rapidly progress to extensive caries, particularly for patients undergoing orthodontic treatment.

Jan 2, 2025 | peerj.com | Mark Robinson

Sylvia Augustine conceived and designed the experiments, performed the experiments, analyzed the data, prepared figures and/or tables, authored or reviewed drafts of the article, and approved the final draft. Richard Foster conceived and designed the experiments, analyzed the data, authored or reviewed drafts of the article, and approved the final draft. Gabor Barton conceived and designed the experiments, authored or reviewed drafts of the article, and approved the final draft. Mark J.