-
Jan 14, 2025 | 
nature.com | Thomas Peacock |Wendy Barclay |Shengsong Xie
AbstractThe Eurasian avian-like (EA) H1N1 swine influenza virus (SIV) possesses the capacity to instigate the next influenza pandemic, owing to its heightened affinity for the human-type α-2,6 sialic acid (SA) receptor. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanisms underlying the switch in receptor binding preferences of EA H1N1 SIV remain elusive. In this study, we conduct a comprehensive genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 knockout screen utilizing EA H1N1 SIV in porcine kidney cells.
-
Nov 30, 2024 | 
nature.com | Joshua Rosenheim |Claire Broderick |Loukas Papargyris |Andrew Kwok |Helen R. Wagstaffe |Emily Conibear | +15 more
AbstractBlood transcriptional biomarkers of acute viral infections typically reflect type 1 interferon (IFN) signalling, but it is not known whether there are biological differences in their regulation that can be leveraged for distinct translational applications. We use high frequency sampling in the SARS-CoV-2 human challenge model to show induction of IFN-stimulated gene (ISG) expression with different temporal and cellular profiles.
-
Jun 17, 2024 | 
nature.com | Kaylee B. Worlock |Masahiro Yoshida |Krzysztof Polanski |Liam Bolt |Laura Richardson |Machaela Palor | +13 more
Correction to: Nature Microbiology https://doi.org/10.1038/s41564-024-01658-1, published online 15 April 2024In the version of the article initially published, Paolo De Coppi’s surname originally appeared as “DeCoppi”. In the third paragraph of the article, the callout to Extended Data Fig. 3i has been amended from Extended Data Fig. 4i. In the legend to Fig. 6, the description of panel m (“Summary figure highlighting the key findings from the study.
-
Jun 4, 2024 | 
bmj.com | Christopher Dye |Wendy Barclay
Christopher Dye, professor of epidemiology1, Wendy S Barclay, Action Medical Research chair in virology2 1Department of Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK 2Department of Infectious Disease, Imperial College, London, UK Correspondence to: C Dye christopher.dye{at}biology.ox.ac.uk A major human outbreak of H5N1 is plausible, and the risk is high Concerns are mounting over the threat to humans from a highly pathogenic avian influenza virus, a threat first recognised in the late 1990s when...
-
May 14, 2024 | 
nature.com | Ecco Staller |Loïc Carrique |Haitian Fan |Jeremy Keown |Carol M. Sheppard |Wendy Barclay | +1 more
AbstractAvian influenza A viruses (IAVs) pose a public health threat, as they are capable of triggering pandemics by crossing species barriers. Replication of avian IAVs in mammalian cells is hindered by species-specific variation in acidic nuclear phosphoprotein 32 (ANP32) proteins, which are essential for viral RNA genome replication. Adaptive mutations enable the IAV RNA polymerase (FluPolA) to surmount this barrier.
-
May 8, 2024 | 
nature.com | Lorenzo Subissi |Homa Attar Cohen |Laith J Abu-Raddad |Erik Alm |Wendy Barclay |Jinal N. Bhiman | +17 more
The World Health Organization framework for tracking SARS-CoV-2 variants has been updated to reflect the continued evolution of the virus; this framework could be adapted for other emerging respiratory diseases with epidemic and pandemic potential.
-
Apr 14, 2024 | 
nature.com | Kaylee B. Worlock |Masahiro Yoshida |Krzysztof Polanski |Liam Bolt |Laura Richardson |Machaela Palor | +13 more
AbstractChildren infected with SARS-CoV-2 rarely progress to respiratory failure. However, the risk of mortality in infected people over 85 years of age remains high. Here we investigate differences in the cellular landscape and function of paediatric (<12 years), adult (30–50 years) and older adult (>70 years) ex vivo cultured nasal epithelial cells in response to infection with SARS-CoV-2.
-
Oct 19, 2023 | 
nature.com | Hugo Farne |Ken Saunders |Wendy Barclay |Liam Heaney |Sebastian L. Johnston |Eteri Regis
AbstractObesity is a well-recognized risk factor for severe influenza infections but the mechanisms underlying susceptibility are poorly understood. Here, we identify that obese individuals have deficient pulmonary antiviral immune responses in bronchoalveolar lavage cells but not in bronchial epithelial cells or peripheral blood dendritic cells.
-
Oct 10, 2023 | 
nature.com | Daniel H. Goldhill |Carol M. Sheppard |Ksenia Sukhova |Jonathan Brown |Ciara Y. Campbell |Salik Nazki | +6 more
AbstractChickens genetically resistant to avian influenza could prevent future outbreaks. In chickens, influenza A virus (IAV) relies on host protein ANP32A. Here we use CRISPR/Cas9 to generate homozygous gene edited (GE) chickens containing two ANP32A amino acid substitutions that prevent viral polymerase interaction. After IAV challenge, 9/10 edited chickens remain uninfected. Challenge with a higher dose, however, led to breakthrough infections.
-
Aug 16, 2023 | 
nature.com | Bethan Davies |Christina J Atchison |Wendy Barclay |Deborah Ashby |Ara Darzi |Graham Cooke | +3 more
AbstractThe value of SARS-CoV-2 lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) tests for estimating individual disease risk is unclear. The REACT-2 study in England, UK, obtained self-administered SARS-CoV-2 LFIA test results from 361,801 adults in January-May 2021. Here, we link to routine data on subsequent hospitalisation (to September 2021), and death (to December 2021).
